Seismic performance of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls

In this paper, composite shear walls with different encased steel plates (flat, horizontal corrugated, and vertical corrugated) were tested and simulated by Abaqus to investigate the seismic behavior of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls (SPCSWs). The failure characteristics, deformation and energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness and bearing capacity of the structures under low‐frequency cyclic load were analyzed, and indexes of the seismic performance were obtained. The formulas of the shear‐bearing capacity of steel plate concrete composite shear walls are suggested, and the shear‐sharing ratio of each member is obtained. According to the obtained results, corrugated steel plates can bond with concrete well, and the bearing capacity of the vertical corrugated SPCSW are higher than that of the horizontal corrugated SPCSW. Compared with flat SPCSW, corrugated SPCSW has higher initial stiffness and lateral stiffness, better ductility and energy dissipation ability, and the degradation of bearing capacity and stiffness is slower. The shear‐sharing ratio of a steel plate is larger than that of reinforced concrete in the flat SPCSW and the vertical corrugated SPCSW, the shear force shared by steel plate and reinforced concrete in horizontal corrugated SPCSW is basically the same.     

Continuous monitoring of the dynamic behavior of a high‐rise telecommunications tower

This article describes the experimental evaluation of the dynamic effects induced by wind on a high‐rise telecommunications tower based on a permanent monitoring system. Monte da Virgem telecommunications tower is located near the city of Porto (Portugal), and its structure consists in a reinforced concrete shaft and a steel mast, with a total height of 177 m. The monitoring system includes accelerometers, anemometers, and a meteorological station, allowing the characterization of the maximum accelerations of the structure and wind regimes during a period of 6 months. The analysis of the results enabled identifying specific events, denominated as critical events, for which the dynamic response of the tower under wind actions appears significantly amplified due to wind aeroelastic instability phenomena in the steel mast. The automatic identification of the critical events was based on the application to the acceleration's records of an autoregressive model and estimation of its optimal order number based on a singular value decomposition. The results proved the robustness and efficiency of the proposed technique in identifying the number, duration, and maximum amplitude of accelerations associated to the critical events, envisaging its potential integration in structural health monitoring systems.     

Seismic risk analysis for reinforced concrete structures with both random and parallelepiped convex variables

This article develops an improved seismic risk assessment formulation exhibiting both random and bounded uncertainties using a probability and parallelepiped convex set mixed model. Limit thresholds for different types of components are described via a probabilistic model. The distribution parameters of limit thresholds are originally treated by employing a multidimensional parallelepiped convex model, in which marginal intervals are utilised to represent scattering levels for the distribution parameters, while relevant angle are employed to express the correlation between uncertain distribution parameters. The structural responses, i.e., engineering demand parameters (EDPs), are considered as correlated random variables and are assumed to follow a multidimensional lognormal distribution. A performance limit state function, which allows considering the relationship between the EDPs and the corresponding limit thresholds, is employed to reflect the coexistence of both random and parallelepiped convex variables. The limit state function is mapped into the standard parameter space via a transformation technique. Then, the improved seismic risk formulation, characterised through a probability and parallelepiped convex mixed variables, can be derived with the combination of the seismic fragility function and the ground motion hazard curve. The main purpose is to illustrate that the performance limit states should be properly modeled as random and parallelepiped convex mixed variables rather than only random or deterministic quantities. A six-story reinforced concrete building designed according to Chinese codes are used to illustrate the proposed approach for constructing hazard curves. The interstory drift and the peak floor acceleration are the selected EDPs, calculated through incremental dynamic analysis. The results demonstrate that the calculated failure probabilities for different limit states in 50?years are found capable of meeting the requirements of Chinese seismic norms after the proposed seismic risk formulation is adopted.     

水热溶液pH值对AZ91D镁合金表面珍珠质涂层性能的影响

目的研究水热溶液pH值对AZ91D合金基体上珍珠质涂层的成分、形貌、抗腐蚀能力以及细胞相容性的影响。方法使用不同pH条件下(5.8、7、8.8、11.8)的水热反应溶液,在AZ91D基体上水热合成珍珠质涂层。利用XRD、XPS和SEM分析涂层的化学成分以及微观形貌。用电化学测量系统评估材料在模拟体液(Simulated Body Fluid,SBF)中的开路电位和极化曲线。通过细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8法)和拍摄细胞荧光照片,来检测珍珠质涂层的细胞相容性。结果珍珠质涂层的成分和形貌会随着水热反应溶液pH值的不同而发生明显的变化。电化学腐蚀试验证实,与空白对照试样相比,沉积有珍珠质涂层的样品的OCP值较高,其Jcorr值也减少了近10倍,Ecorr值向正电位方向移动。此外,弱碱性条件下所沉积涂层的耐蚀性最优,其Ecorr(vs.SCE)值提高了0.16V,Jcorr值降低了8.16?10–5A/cm2。细胞相容性测试结果表明,珍珠质涂层不具有毒性,珍珠粉原材料为涂层提供的大量骨生长因子,能够促进成骨细胞的增殖。结论采用水热反应法,成功地在AZ91D合金基体上制得珍珠质涂层,该涂层可以有效地改善镁合金在人体中的耐蚀性和生物相容性。     

三靶共溅射纳米复合Cr-Al-Si-N涂层的 制备及摩擦学性能研究

目的 利用高功率脉冲磁控溅射技术离化率高、溅射离子能量高等优点,在Cr-Al-N涂层中添加Si元素研制a-Si3N4包裹nc-(Cr,Al)N的纳米复合涂层,通过改变反应沉积时的N2/Ar比来调控涂层成分与结构,实现纳米复合Cr-Al-Si-N涂层性能优化。方法 采用高功率脉冲与脉冲直流复合磁控溅射技术制备Cr-Al-Si-N涂层。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、能谱仪、应力仪、纳米压痕仪、划痕测试仪和摩擦试验机,研究N2/Ar比对涂层成分、结构、力学性能以及摩擦学行为的影响。结果 涂层主要由面心立方结构的CrN与AlN相组成,且沿(200)晶面择优生长。当N2/Ar流量比为3∶1时,涂层与基体结合最好,临界载荷约为36.5 N;摩擦系数和内应力较低,分别为0.5和-0.48 GPa。当N2/Ar流量比为4∶1时,H/E值和H3/E*2值升至最高,分别为0.11和0.24 GPa,磨损率最低,约为1.9×10-4 μm3/(N?μm)。结论 当N2/Ar流量比为4∶1时,三靶共溅射制备的Cr-Al-Si-N涂层硬度较高,耐磨性能最好。     

基于NURBS算法的工业机器人轨迹规划研究

轨迹规划是工业机器人研究领域的重要内容之一。为解决使用直线与圆弧逼近不规则曲线方法带来较大误差的问题,提出使用NURBS拟合自由曲线,并使用S形速度曲线来控制机器人末端的运动速度和加速度,使各个插补点的位置、速度和加速度能够连续,将之反推到关节空间可以得到各个关节的角度、角速度和角加速度。最后以IRB2600工业机器人为仿真本体,通过MATLAB仿真证明:NURBS和S形速度曲线相结合的方法可以得到在关节空间连续、平稳的运行轨迹、速度曲线、加速度曲线,减弱了因各关节角度、角速度、角加速度突变带来的冲击影响,优化了机器人运行轨迹。     

铸件多功能作业机器人多臂协调轨迹规划与仿真

以铸件多功能作业机器人的工作臂为研究对象,采用笛卡尔空间变量法对机器人铸件搬运过程进行轨迹规划。结合多臂协调的运动约束条件以及伪逆法,对机器人的4个工作臂关节运动进行优化,得到多机械臂协调运动的关节位置和速度变化曲线。由MATLAB软件仿真得到的运动参数曲线可知,算法优化后得到的运动轨迹均能保持连续、平滑,有利于实现对机器人的精准控制。利用机械臂正运动学方程得到了机械臂末端执行器的轨迹曲线,曲线满足铸件搬运的要求,验证了算法的正确性。     

膨胀土自然边坡吸力和饱和度量测

为查明非饱和膨胀土边坡中吸力和饱和度(体积含水量)的变化和规律,以及降雨对吸力和饱和度的影响。在湖北襄樊某高速公路旁的天然边坡设立观测井,并埋设热传导探头和含水量探头,进行了为期2 个月的观测。通过精度较高的多项式的拟合获得的土-水特征曲线,得出进气值和残余饱和度对应的基质吸力。根据土-水特征曲线,获得非饱和土的渗透系数,为工程设计提供了必要的参数,同时解释了非饱和膨胀土的吸力随深度变化的规律和原因。     

An experimental parametric study of VOC from flooring systems exposed to alkaline solutions

This study outlined the influence of a number of parameters affecting the emission rate from one of the largest sources of VOC in the building stock in the Nordic countries. This source is flooring systems of polyvinyl chloride or linoleum attached to a substrate of moisture damaged or insufficiently dried concrete. The secondary emission rate of degradation products was measured, with the Field and Laboratory Emission Cell, on different flooring systems consisting of three different floorings and three adhesives, exposed to three different aqueous solutions in the range of 11-13.1 pH. The conclusion drawn in this study is that the great majority of the secondary emission originates from the floor adhesive. The occurrence of adhesive and the amount of adhesive used have a significant influence on the emission rate. A critical pH value for degradation of the adhesive seems to lie somewhere between 11 and 13 pH. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: When designing a floor system or a renovation of a damaged flooring system, it is important to bear in mind the influence of parameters that may drastically shorten the service life. Flooring adhesive may decompose in a moist alkaline environment and give rise to unacceptable secondary emission rates.     

基于突变理论的扁拱跳跃屈曲分析

分析了扁拱在静载荷或动载荷作用下发生跳跃屈曲的原因。采用尖点突变理论建立悬链线形拱的跳跃屈曲模型，推导临界荷载公式，并采用Matlab工具计算及Ansys验算模型理论正确性，最后对上述两种方法所得值进行比较。